- Product Description
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S45C and S50C are medium-carbon high-quality carbon structural steels, with the“S” in the brand name for Steel and the numbers“45” and“50” for average carbon content of forty-five and 50 parts per million (0.45 and 0.50 per cent) . They are usually supplied in the form of hot-rolled or normalized flat steel blanks and are the largest base material in the mold manufacturing industry.
Their core characteristics are low cost, good processability, and can be improved by heat treatment (quenching and tempering) , but their comprehensive properties (such as hardenability, wear resistance, toughness) are much lower than those of alloy die steels.
I. Core features
High cost performance and availabilityThis is its most outstanding advantage. As one of the most commonly used carbon steel, the price of S45C/S50C is much lower than any alloy die steel, the supply is sufficient, the procurement is convenient, and the cost of die manufacturing can be significantly reduced.
Excellent machinability
In the annealed or normalized state (hardness about 170-220hb) , the material hardness is low, the texture is soft, easy to turn, milling, planing, drilling and other mechanical processing, tool wear is small, processing efficiency is high.
Good heat treatment response ability
Due to its moderate carbon content, it can obtain higher comprehensive mechanical properties (good combination of strength and toughness) by quenching and tempering treatment (quenching + high temperature tempering) . The hardness after quenching and tempering is usually up to HRC 20-35(depending on the section size and process) .
Certain strength and wear resistance
After quenching and tempering treatment, its strength and wear resistance are significantly improved compared with the supply state, which can meet the use requirements of general structural parts.
Main chemical constituents (typical values)
Brand C, Si, Mn, P, S
S45C 0.42%~0.48% 0.15%~0.35% 0.60%~0.90% ≤ 0.030% ≤ 0.035%
S50C 0.47%~0.53% 0.15%~0.35% 0.60%~0.90% ≤ 0.030% ≤ 0.035%
Main difference: the carbon content of S50C is slightly higher than that of S45C, so its strength and hardness after quenching are also slightly higher, but the toughness is slightly worse.Typical application in mould manufacturing
In the mold, S45C/S50C is never used to directly participate in the core parts of product molding (such as cavity, core, slider working surface, etc.) , but mainly used in the following aspects:Injection mold base (mold base) : A/B plate (fixed moving template) , panel, bottom plate, thimble bottom plate, support column, etc. . This is its main application.
Die structure plate: all kinds of pad, slider block, wear-resistant block (when the load is not high) , and so on.
Non-precision die parts: such as simple punch, ejector pin, guide sleeve, locating ring, etc. .
Jigs and fixtures: manufacturing production lines used in a variety of fixtures, base, etc. .
Status of supply and processing
Supply status: flat steel blanks of low hardness (< 220hb) , usually supplied in the hot rolled or normalized state.Processing flow:
Rough machining: directly cutting the blank into shape.
Heat treatment (optional) : if the strength and stiffness of the parts are required, will be carried out, quenching and tempering.
Finish machining: finish grinding or milling the quenched and tempered parts to achieve dimensional accuracy.
Surface Treatment (optional) : in order to prevent rust or improve the surface wear resistance, can be, chromium plating, blackening (Blue) , phosphating, and so on.
Limitations (compared with die steel)
Hardenability poor: section slightly larger, the core is difficult to harden, resulting in uneven performance. Not suitable for manufacturing precision parts of large size.Wear resistance is not enough: even after quenching and tempering, its wear resistance is much lower than the special cold work die steel (such as SKD11, DC53) .
No corrosion resistance: very easy to rust, the need for anti-rust treatment on the surface.
Poor dimensional stability: in the heat treatment deformation tendency is larger, not as pre-hardened plastic mold steel (such as P20/718) stable.
Conclusion
S45C/S50c flat steel blank is the“Cornerstone” and“Grain steel” of die manufacturing industry. They play a supporting and structural role rather than a forming functional role. Its orientation is: under the premise of meeting the requirements of use, through the ultimate cost-effective, to achieve the stability and functionality of the mold structure.For die manufacturers, the use of S45C/S50c in the die carrier and non-critical structural parts, and the use of professional alloy die steel in the core forming parts, is an optimal strategy that takes into account performance, life and manufacturing cost.
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